Amateka y'iterambere ry'ibikoresho by'inganda

Bitewe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rikomeje, itandukaniro rikomeye hagati yaintwaro zo gukoresha ibikoresho by'ingandakandi amaboko y'umuntu ni ubworoherane n'ubudahangarwa. Ni ukuvuga ko inyungu ikomeye ya manipulator ari uko ishobora gukora ingendo imwe inshuro nyinshi mu bihe bisanzwe idananiwe! Nk'ibikoresho bigezweho byo gukora byikora mu buryo bwikora byakozwe mu myaka ya vuba aha, manipulator ishobora gukora neza mu bidukikije bitandukanye. Manipulator zo mu nganda zishobora kugabanywamo cyane mo manipulator za hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical na mechanical hakurikijwe uburyo bwo gutwara.

Hashingiwe ku ivuka rya za robo za kera, ubushakashatsi ku bikoresho bya manipulators bwatangiye hagati mu kinyejana cya 20. Hamwe n'iterambere rya mudasobwa n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora ikoranabuhanga, cyane cyane kuva hashyirwaho mudasobwa ya mbere y'ikoranabuhanga mu 1946, mudasobwa zateye imbere cyane mu muvuduko mwinshi, ubushobozi bwo gukora ikoranabuhanga buri hejuru kandi ku giciro gito. Muri icyo gihe, gukenera cyane gukora ibintu byinshi byatumye ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora ikoranabuhanga rikora ikoranabuhanga ritera imbere, ari nabyo byashyizeho urufatiro rw'iterambere rya mudasobwa.

Ubushakashatsi mu ikoranabuhanga ry’ingufu za kirimbuzi bwasabye imashini zimwe na zimwe gusimbura abantu mu gukoresha ibikoresho bikoresha imirasire. Muri urwo rwego, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zakoze imashini ikoresha imirasire igenzurwa kure mu 1947 n’imashini ikoresha imirasire ikoreshwa mu ikoranabuhanga mu 1948.

Igitekerezo cyaicyuma gikoresha ikoranabuhanga mu ngandaDevol yatangiye gutanga uburenganzira bwo gukoresha patenti mu 1954. Intego nyamukuru y'iyi patenti ni ukugenzura ingingo z'iyi patenti hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rya servo, no gukoresha amaboko y'abantu mu kwigisha iyi patenti kugenda, maze iyi patenti ikabasha gufata no gukoporora ingendo.

Robot ya mbere ikora ku buryo bworoshye yakozwe na United Controls mu 1958. Uburyo bwa mbere bwo gukoresha ibikoresho bya roboti (kwigisha kororoka) ni "VERSTRAN" yashyizweho na AMF mu 1962 na "UNIMATE" yashyizweho na UNIMATION. Izi roboti zo mu nganda zigizwe ahanini n'amaboko n'amaboko nk'ay'abantu, zishobora gusimbura imirimo iremereye y'abantu kugira ngo zigere ku ikoreshwa ry'imashini n'imikorere yazo, zishobora gukora ahantu hateje akaga kugira ngo zirinde umutekano w'umuntu ku giti cye, bityo zikaba zikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zikora imashini, ibyuma, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, inganda z'urumuri, n'ingufu za atome.

Ibikoresho byo mu nganda ni ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa manipulators bishobora kwigana imwe mu mikorere y'amaboko n'amaboko y'abantu, no gufata no gutwara ibintu cyangwa gukoresha ibikoresho hakurikijwe uburyo buhamye. Kugira ngo ubone andi makuru ajyanye n'ibikoresho byo mu nganda, hamagara gusaIgitongli.